LibGuides: APA: Reference List

References

References come at the end of your paper and provide the information necessary for readers to identify and retrieve each work.

Important Links:

APA Style Guide: References

APA Style Guide: Creating an APA Style Reference List Guide

Journal Article Reference Checklist

Hanging indent

Common Reference Examples:

Books:

Author, A. A. (2023). Title of book. Publisher Name. https://doi.org/xxxx

Chapter in a Book:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (2023). Title of the chapter. In E. E. Editor (Ed.), Title of book (pp. 3-13). Publisher Name. https://doi.org/xxxx

Journal Article With DOI

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (2020). Title of article. Title of Periodical, 34(2), 5-12. https://doi.org/xxxx

Journal without DOI:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (2020). Title of article. Title of Periodical, 2(1), 14-20. https://xxxxxx

Website:

Author, A. A., (Year of Publication, Month Day if Given). Title of article: Subtitle if any. Name of News Website. https://XXXX

Print Newspaper:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date). Title of article: Subtitle. Title of Newspaper, page numbers of the whole article.

Online Newspaper:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of Publication, Month Day if Given). Title of article: Subtitle if any. Name of Newspaper. https://XXXX

Newspaper from a Database:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date). Title of article: Subtitle. Title of Newspaper, 12-16.

YouTube Video:

Person or Group who posted video [Username if different]. (2014, March 14). Title of video: Subtitle [Video]. YouTube. https://XXXX

The person or group who uploaded the video is given credit as the author even if they did not create the work. Do note the main speaker when discussing the video in the body of your text.

Common Mistakes:

Start a new page for your reference list. The title "References", placed at the top margin of the page, should be centered and use boldface letters.
Each reference should be formatted using hanging indents.
Put your list in alphabetical order by author's last name.
Every in-text citation should have a corresponding entry in the reference list (except for personal communication).
Journal articles should include DOIs.
Do not place a period after a DOI or a https://XXXX

Journal Article Reference Checklist

References

The reference list at the end of a paper provides the information needed to identify and retrieve each work cited in the text. Entries must enable readers to retrieve and use the cited works, and therefore need to be complete and correct.

There are four elements that go into a reference: author, date, title, and source. These elements form a complete reference.

All references must be formatted with hanging indents.

American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.), p.283. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000

More information:

References: Overview

Common Reference Examples Guide

Reference Guide for journal articles, books, and book chapters

Secondary Citations

Hanging Indents